Constitutional Retrogression in Indonesia Under President Joko Widodo's Government: What Can the Constitutional Court Do?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31078/consrev425Keywords:
Constitutional Court, Constitutional Retrogression, Democracy, Joko Widodo, IndonesianAbstract
This paper examines whether constitutional retrogression, the process through which democratically elected rulers use formal legal measures gradually to undermine democracy, has occurred in Indonesia, especially during the reign of President Joko Widodo. To this end, the paper analyzes the impact of the Widodo government's policies on three fundamental requirements of a democratic state: a democratic electoral system, rights to speech and association, and the rule of law. The paper finds that Widodo's government, in its efforts to contain the threat of Islamist populism, has indeed undermined all three of these elements to varying degrees. While Indonesia's democracy may yet be saved by the Constitutional Court, an institution that Widodo's government has until now failed to control, the Court cannot save democracy by itself. Its chances of doing so will depend on public support.References
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Ihsanuddin. "Pansus KPK Diisi Fraksi Pendukung Pemerintah, Jokowi Diminta Bersikap." Kompas.com, accessed 16 July, 2018. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2017/07/25/12451401/pansus-kpk-diisi-fraksi-pendukung-pemerintahjokowi-diminta-bersikap.
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Januarius, Fabian. "Terlibat Kasus-Kasus Etik, Arief Hidayat Diminta Mundur dari Ketua MK." Kompas.com, accessed 16 July 2018. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2018/01/25/20110941/terlibat-kasus-kasus-etik-arief-hidayat-dimintamundur-dari-ketua-mk.
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Law Number 2 Year 2018 on Second Amendment of Law Number 17 Year 2014
on People's Consultative Assembly, People's Representative Council, Regional Representative Council, and Regional People's Representative Council (Republic of Indonesia).
Law Number 7 Year 2017 on General Election (Republic of Indonesia).
Law Number 17 Year 2013 on Societal Organisation (Republic of Indonesia).
Law Number 24 Year 2003 on The Constitutional Court (Republic of Indonesia).
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Nardi, Dominic. "Indonesia's Constitutional Court and Public Opinion." New Mandala, accessed 23 July 2018. http://www.newmandala.org/indonesiasconstitutional-court-public-opinion/.
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Tirto. "Peluang Rocky Gerung cs Menangkan Uji Materi di MK." Accessed 24
July 2018. https://tirto.id/peluang-rocky-gerung-cs-menangkan-uji-materipresidential-threshold-cMlv.
Tirto. "Pelantikan Arief Hidayat Wujud Penurunan Kualitas Hakim MK." Accessed 16 July 2018, https://tirto.id/pelantikan-arief-hidayat-wujud-penurunankualitas-hakim-mk-cGQo.
Tirto. "KPK: Hak Angket Tak Akan Hentikan Pengusutan Kasus e-KTP." Accessed
16 July 2018, https://tirto.id/kpk-hak-angket-tak-akan-hentikan-pengusutankasus-e-ktp-cnDY.
Tirto. "DPR Setuju Gunakan Hak Angket terhadap KPK." Accessed 16 July 2018, https://tirto.id/dpr-setuju-gunakan-hak-angket-terhadap-kpk-cnBr.
Tirto. "Peneliti Perludem: UU Pemilu bisa Menyulitkan Jokowi Sendiri." Accessed
15 July 2018, https://tirto.id/peneliti-perludem-uu-pemilu-bisa-menyulitkanjokowi-sendiri-cs89.
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Uitz, Renata. "Constitutional Courts in Central and Eastern Europe: What Makes a Question too Political?" Juridica International XIII (2007).
Varol, Ozan. "Stealth Authoritarianism." Iowa Law Review 100 (2015).
Zoelva, Hamdan. "Negara Hukum dan Demokrasi: Peran Mahkamah Konstitusi Menegakkan Hukum dan Demokrasi." In Negara Hukum yang Berkeadilan, edited by Susi Dwi Harijanti et. al, 622-650. Bandung: Pusat Studi Kebijakan Negara Fakultas Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran, 2011.
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Published
2018-12-13
How to Cite
Satrio, A. (2018). Constitutional Retrogression in Indonesia Under President Joko Widodo’s Government: What Can the Constitutional Court Do?. Constitutional Review, 4(2), 271–300. https://doi.org/10.31078/consrev425
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