The Development of Islam and Democracy in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31078/consrev812Keywords:
Development of Democracy, Indonesia, Islam.Abstract
Islam and democracy are two inseparable parts of social and political life in Indonesia. Textually, democracy itself does not exist in the Islamic Holy Qur’an or the Hadith (Prophet Muhammad’s words and actions). However, implicitly and substantially, the basics of democracy are in the teachings of Islam, both in the Qur’an and the Hadith. The principles of Islamic teachings, such as equality, deliberation, cooperation (ta’awun), and good habits (taghyir), are compatible with democratic values. In addition, many idioms that form the basis of ethics and morals in society are generally derived from the experience of the Prophet Muhammad, correlating with the basic principles of modern democracy. In the context of Indonesia, it is undeniable that Islam has contributed to the climate of democratization. This further confirms that Islam is not against democracy. Both support each other.References
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Alatas, Husen. The Democracy of Islam. Bandung and The Hague: W. van Hoeve, 1956.
Al Qur’an dan Tafsirnya Jilid II [The Qur’an and its Tafsir Volume II]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Islam Indonesia, 1991.
An-Naim, Abdullah Ahmed. Dekonstruksi Syariah: Wacana Kebebasan Sipil, Hak Asasi Manusia dan Hubungan Internasional dalam Islam [Deconstruction of Sharia: Discourse on Civil Liberties, Human Rights and International Relations in Islam]. Yogyakarta: LKIS bekerjasama dengan Pustaka Pelajar [LKIS in collaboration with Pustaka Pelajar], 1994.
Anshari, Endang Saifuddin. Piagam Jakarta 22 Juni 1945 Sebuah Konsensus Nasional tentang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia (1945-1949) [Jakarta Charter 22 June 1945 a National Consensus on the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (1945-1949)]. Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 1997.
Anwar, M. Syafi’i. Pemikiran dan Aksi Islam [Islamic Thought and Action]. Jakarta: Paramadina, 1995.
Azhary, Muhammad Tahir. Negara Hukum, Suatu Studi tentang Prinsip-prinsipnya dilihat dari Segi Hukum Islam, Implementasinya pada Periode Negara Madinah
dan Masa Kini [The Rule of Law, a Study of its Principles in Terms of Islamic Law, its Implementation in the Medina State Period and the Present]. Jakarta: Prenada Media, 2003.
Bachtiar, Tiar Anwar. Politik Islam di Indonesia, Wacana tentang Khilafah, Syari’at Islam, Demokrasi dan Dinamikanya dalam Sejarah Indonesia [Islamic Politics in Indonesia, Discourse on Khilafah, Islamic Shari’ah, Democracy and its Dynamics in Indonesian History]. Bandung: Persis Press, 2002.
Budiarjo, Miriam. Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Politik, Edisi Revisi [Fundamentals of Political Science, Revised Edition]. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2010.
Dahl, Robert A. Democracy and its Critics. New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 1989.
Gould, Carol C. Demokrasi Ditinjau Kembali [Democracy Revisited], translated by Samodera Wibawa. Yogyakarta: Tria Wacana, 1993.
Hadith from Imam Ahmad and Abu Nadrah (al-Munzir ibn Malik).
Hazairin. Demokrasi Pancasila [Pancasila Democracy]. Jakarta: Penerbit Rineka, 1990.
Khaldun, Ibn. Muqaddimah. Jakarta: Pustaka Firdaus, 1986.
Koentjoro, Poerbopranoto. Sistem Pemerintah Demokrasi [Democratic Government System]. Bandung: Eresco, 1978.
Koentjoro, Poerbapranoto. Sistem Pemerintahan Demokrasi [Democratic Government System]. Bandung: PT Eresco, 1987.
Kuntowijoyo. Identitas Politik Islam [Islamic Political Identity]. Bandung: Mizan, 1997.
Kusuma, RM A.B. Lahirnya Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 [The Birth of the 1945 Constitution]. Jakarta: Badan Penerbit Universitas Indonesia, 2004.
Levitsky, Steven and Daniel Ziblatt. How Democracies Die, translated by Zia Ansor. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2021.
Maarif, Ahmad Syafi’i. Islam dan Masalah Kenegaraan Studi tentang Percaturan Politik dalam Konstituante [Islam and State Issues: the Study of Political Competition in the Constituent Assembly]. Jakarta: LP3ES, 1985.
Maududi, Abul A’la. Hukum dan Konstitusi Sistem Politik Islam [Law and Constitution of the Islamic Political System]. Bandung: Mizan, 1998.
Maududi, Abul A’la. Human Rights in Islam, translated by Bambang Iriana Djajaatmadja, 4. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2008.
Mulia, Musda. “Negara Islam, Pemikiran Politik Husain Haikal [Islamic State, Political Thought Husain Haikal]”, PhD diss., Graduate Program of IAIN Syarif Hidayatullah, 1997.
Nasution, Adnan Buyung. Aspirasi Pemerintahan Konstitusional Indonesia. Studi Sosio-Legal atas Konstituante 1956-1959 [Aspirations of Indonesian Constitutional Governance. Socio-Legal Study of the Constituent Assembly 1956-1959]. Jakarta: Pustaka Utama Grafiti, 2001.
Nasution, Adnan Buyung. Arus Pemikiran Konstitusionalisme: Tata Negara [Current Thought of Constitutionalism: State Administration]. Jakarta: Katahasta Pustaka, 2007.
Natsir, M. Agama dan Negara dalam Perspektif Islam [Religion and State in Islamic Perspective]. Jakarta: Media Dakwah, 2001.
Natsir, M. Tempatkan Kembali Pancasila pada Kedudukannya yang Konstitusional [Put Pancasila Back in its Constitutional Position]. Jakarta: Media Dakwah, 1985.
Parker, Richard D. Here, the People Rule: A Constitutional Populist Manifesto.
Cambridge (Mass.): Harvard University Press. 1998.
Rambe, Safrizal. Sarekat Islam Pelopor Bangkitnya Nasionalisme Indonesia 1905- 1942 [Sarekat Islam Pioneers of the Rise of Indonesian Nationalism 1905-1942]. Jakarta: Yayasan Kebangkitan Insan Cendekia, 2010.
Ravitch, Diane. What is Democracy, translated by Budi Pyaritno. United States Information Agency, 1991.
Sadjali, Munawir. Kontekstualitas Ajaran Islam [Contextuality of Islamic Teachings]. Jakarta: Ikatan Persaudaraan Haji Indonesia dan Yayasan Wakaf Paramadina [Indonesian Hajj Brotherhood Association and Paramadina Waqf Foundation], 1995.
Soekotjo. USDEK, Intisari Manipol [The Essence of the Political Manifesto of USDEK]. Bandung: Dua-R 1960.
Thaba, Abdul Azis. Islam dan Negara dalam Politik Orde Baru [Islam and the State in New Order Politics]. Jakarta: Gemani Press, 1996.
The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
The Encyclopedia Americana. Vol. 8. Danbury, Connecticut: Grolier Incorporated, 1984.
Tjokroaminoto, H.O.S. Tafsir Program Azas dan Program Tandhim Syarikat Islam [Interpretation of the Basic Program and the Tandhim Syarikat Islam Program]. Jakarta: Mima Pipa House Publishing, 2011.Trapper, R.L (ed). Islam in Modern Turkey: Religion, Politics and Literature in a Secular State. London: I.B. Tauris, 1991.
Wijayanto, et al. Demokrasi Tanpa Demos, Refleksi 100 Ilmuan Sosial Politik Tentang Kemunduran Demokrasi di Indonesia [Democracy without Demos, Reflections of 100 Socio-Political Scientists about the Decline of Democracy in Indonesia]. Jakarta: LP3ES. 2021.
Yasin, Rahman. Gagasan Islam tentang Demokrasi [Islamic Ideas about Democracy]. Yogyakarta: AK Group, 2006.
Zoelva, Hamdan. Pemakzulan Presiden di Indonesia [Impeachment of the President in Indonesia]. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2011.
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Published
2022-05-31
How to Cite
Zoelva, H. (2022). The Development of Islam and Democracy in Indonesia. Constitutional Review, 8(1), 37–61. https://doi.org/10.31078/consrev812
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